A research group from Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, announced that they have developed a new type of flu vaccine using nano-technology. The intranasal nano-vaccine can target broad-spectrum flu viruses and induces robust immune responses, said Cui Zongqiang, leader of the research group.
Noroviruses are a genetically diverse group of non-enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses belonging to genus Norovirus of the family Caliciviridae. They arefurther segregated into seven genogroups (GI-GVII), three of which cause diseases exclusively in humans (GI, GII, and GIV). Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are now considered the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans across the globe...
Melanization is one of important modules in insect defense system. It consists of a cascade of clip-domain serine proteases (cSPs) that converts the zymogen prophenoloxidase (PPO) to active phenoloxidase (PO), which is negatively regulated by serpins. PO then catalyses the formation of melanin that physically encapsulates certain pathogens. Parasites and bacteria have evolved to produce specifi...
The N-end rule pathway is a proteasome dependent proteolytic system that recognizes and degrades proteins containing N-degrons, and has emerged as a key regulator of various processes. Viruses manipulate diverse host pathways to facilitate viral replication and evade antiviral defenses. However, it remains unclear if viral infection has any impact on the N-end rule pathway.
